Original article must arranged as follows: (1) title page (2) abstract (250 words or less with a list of 5 or less key words), (3) introduction, (4) materials and methods (or patients and methods), (5) results, (6) discussion, (7) acknowledgements, (8) conflict of interest statement (9) references, (10) tables, and (11) figure legends.
Case reports consist of (1) title page, (2) abstract (150 words or less with a list of 5 or less key words) (3) introduction, (4) cases, (5) discussion, (6) references (20 or less), (7) tables and figure legends and (8) figures (5 or less) on separate pages.
Special topics should be no longer than 3,000 words (including references) and 10 or less references.
The manuscript should be written in A4 (21¡¿30 cm) paper in double space texts by leaving 3 cm space in the right, left, top and bottom sides at 10 point fonts.
1. Title page
Provide a concise title. List the full names of all authors and their institutional affiliation. In a multi-authored work involving more than a single institution, indicate individual affiliation by means of superscript Arabic numbers. Indicate a change of address in a similar fashion. List the footnotes to the title page. Provide the contact information for the corresponding author (name, address, telephone number, fax number and e-mail address), and running title. All abbreviations should be explained in this page (e.g. AFP, alpha fetoprotein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase).
2. Abstract
Abstract of original articles must contain 250 words or less and must be organized as follows:
Backgrounds/Aims, Methods, Results, and Conclusions. Five or less key words from MeSH terms (
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html) should be provided at the end of the abstract.
Abstract of case reports must contain 150 words or less in unstructured form.
3. Introduction
Provide the minimum background information that will orient the general reader. Do not engage in a literature review.
4. Methods
Provide a level of detail such that another investigator could repeat the work. For methods that are used without significant modification, citation of the original work will suffice. Identify and provide references for all the statistical methods used.
5. Results and Discussion
Present the major findings of the study in graphical form if practicable. Do not illustrate minor details if their message is adequately conveyed by simple descriptive text. Mention all the tables and figures. In the discussion, concisely present the implications of the new findings for the field as a whole, minimizing any reiteration of the results and avoid repetition of material in the introduction; keeping a close focus on the specific topic of the paper.
6. Acknowledgements
An acknowledgement of persons who made a genuine assistance and provided special reagents may be included. Grant and financial support related with the work should be specifically stated.
7. References
References should be numbered in the order they are cited, and the number of reference should be marked in the text by means of a superscript Arabic numerical. Only literature that is published or in press (with the name of the publication) may be numbered and listed; abstracts and letters to the editor may be cited, but they must be less than 3 years old and identified as such.
Cite the names of all authors when there are six or less; when seven or more list the first six followed by et al.
Articles in journals
Ahn SH, Han KH, Park JY, Lee CK, Kang SW, Chon CY, et al. Association between hepatitis B virus infection and the HLA-DR type in Korea. Hepatology 2000;31:1371-1373
Book chapters
Gumucio JJ, Berkowitz CM. Structural organization of the liver and function of the hepatic acinus. In: Kaplowitz N, ed. Liver and Biliary Diseases. Vol I. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1992:2-17.
Abstract or Article in a supplement
Cho YJ, Lee SH, Kim BH, Yang SK, Jo YH, Lee DH. Characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma with reference to ages in Korean patients [Abstract]. Hepatology 1998;28:246A.
Benhamou JP. Indications for liver transplantation in primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 1994;20(Suppl):11-13.
8. Permissions
Direct quotations, tables or illustrations taken from copy-righted material must be accompanied by written permission for their use from the publisher. The permission is presented as a footnote or addition to the legend and it must provide complete information as to the source. Photographs of identifiable persons must be accompanied by a signed release that indicates their informed consent.
9. Abbreviations
Standard abbreviations not requiring definition are those listed in the Journal of Clinical Investigation. Otherwise, do not abbreviate unless a term is used more than five times in a paper. In this case, the abbreviation should be spelled out, in its first use in the text with the abbreviated form in parentheses, and it should also be listed on the footnote page (see above). Abbreviations used in figures or tables should be defined in the legend.
10. Drug names
Use generic names. The proprietary name may be mentioned in parenthesis. The names and locations (city and state or country) of manufacturers should be included in parentheses when mentioning proprietary drugs, tools, instruments, software, etc.
11. Tables
Prepare tables on individual sheets of paper, double spaced and numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the order of their appearance in the text. The title of tables should be written concisely in clauses and phrases. The first letter of the table title starts with a capital letter. Explain all abbreviations and symbols such as *, ¢Ó, ¢Ô, ¡×, ¡«, , **, ¢Ó¢Ó, ¢Ô¢Ô, ¡×¡×. Do not duplicate the material presented in a figure.
12. Figure legends
Number the figures with Arabic numerals in the order they are mentioned in the text. Provide a title (this should not appear on the figure itself) and sufficient explanation to render the figure intelligible without reference to the text. For any copyrighted material, indicate that permission has been obtained (see Permissions, above). Figure legends should be typed consecutively on a separate sheet of paper.
13. Figures
Illustrations should be sharp and presented in the PPT format at the time of submission. They should be less than 10 MB in size for electronic upload. Figures should be supplied in the JPG or TIFF format at a final resolution of not less than 300 dpi. Please provide an image file on CD or Webhard with the assistance of The Editorial Office when it is larger than 10 MB. Microscopic pictures should be explained according to the staining method and scaled by the power of magnification. Authors are charged for color figures.