Clinical and Molecular Hepatology

"Pregnancy"

Editorials

Breaking the chain of perinatal hepatitis B transmission: Editorial on “Factors associated with hepatitis B mother-to-child transmission in a national prevention program”: Shang-Chin Huang, Jia-Horng Kao; Clin Mol Hepatol 2026;32(2):946-948.
Published online July 28, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2025.0801

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Steatotic liver disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-based risk prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes: Ready for prime time?: Seung Mi Lee, Won Kim; Clin Mol Hepatol 2022;28(1):47-49.
Published online November 30, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2021.0338

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Maternal liver function and adverse pregnancy outcomes in Chinese women with HIV: a cohort study
E Wu, Jun-Tao Ni, Lijun Xu, Yin-wei Chen, Xiao-Hui Zhang
BMC Public Health.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Risk factor analysis and predictive model construction of lean MAFLD: a cross-sectional study of a health check-up population in China
Ruya Zhu, Caicai Xu, Suwen Jiang, Jianping Xia, Boming Wu, Sijia Zhang, Jing Zhou, Hongliang Liu, Hongshan Li, Jianjun Lou
European Journal of Medical Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
GDM-BC: Non-invasive body composition dataset for intelligent prediction of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Chen Zheng, Tong Qing, Mao Li, Shujuan Liao, Biru Luo, Chenwei Tang, Jiancheng Lv
Computers in Biology and Medicine.2025; 192: 110176. CrossRef
Влияние неалкогольной жировой болезни печени на течение беременности и неонатальные исходы: обзор литературы
Виталий Анатольевич Резник, Юрий Павлович Успенский, Полина Юрьевна Бухмирова, Александр Александрович Гнутов, Виталий Антонович Добренко
University therapeutic journal.2025; 7(3): 7. CrossRef
Adverse pregnancy outcomes as a risk factor for new-onset metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in postpartum women: A nationwide study
Young Mi Jung, Seung Mi Lee, Wonyoung Wi, Min-Jeong Oh, Joong Shin Park, Geum Joon Cho, Won Kim
JHEP Reports.2024; 6(4): 101033. CrossRef
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease as a risk factor for adverse outcomes in subsequent pregnancy: a nationwide cohort study
Seung Mi Lee, Geum Joon Cho, Won Young Wi, Errol R. Norwitz, Bo Kyung Koo, Jeesun Lee, Young Mi Jung, Soo Heon Kwak, Chan-Wook Park, Jong Kwan Jun, Sae Kyung Joo, Min-Jeong Oh, Won Kim, Joong Shin Park
Hepatology International.2023; 17(2): 367. CrossRef
Nonalcoholic liver disease: Epidemiology, risk factors, natural history, and management strategies
George Agyapong, Farzaneh Dashti, Bubu A. Banini
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences.2023; 1526(1): 16. CrossRef
Case Report:Pregnancy and birth in a mild phenotype of Alström syndrome
Luca Marozio, Francesca Dassie, Gianluca Bertschy, Emilie M. Canuto, Gabriella Milan, Stefano Cosma, Pietro Maffei, Chiara Benedetto
Frontiers in Genetics.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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6 Web of Science
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Steatotic liver disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in pregnancy, paving the way for adverse pregnancy outcome risk assessment: Ja-Young Kwon; Clin Mol Hepatol 2022;28(1):50-51.
Published online November 22, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2021.0359

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Association of liver enzyme abnormalities and tobacco exposure with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion risk: A case–control study
Xiaolei Xue, Congcong Fang, Hanjing Zhou, Huan Zhou, Wei Li, Di Lei
Journal of International Medical Research.2026;[Epub] CrossRef

7,878 View
123 Download
2 Web of Science
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Original Articles

Steatotic liver disease

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus using machine learning methods: Seung Mi Lee, Suhyun Hwangbo, Errol R. Norwitz, Ja Nam Koo, Ig Hwan Oh, Eun Saem Choi, Young Mi Jung, Sun Min Kim, Byoung Jae Kim, Sang Youn Kim, Gyoung Min Kim, Won Kim, Sae Kyung Joo, Sue Shin, Chan-Wook Park, Taesung Park, Joong Shin Park; Clin Mol Hepatol 2022;28(1):105-116.
Published online October 15, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2021.0174

Background/Aims
To develop an early prediction model for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) using machine learning and to evaluate whether the inclusion of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-associated variables increases the performance of model.
Methods
This prospective cohort study evaluated pregnant women for NAFLD using ultrasound at 10–14 weeks and screened them for GDM at 24–28 weeks of gestation. The clinical variables before 14 weeks were used to develop prediction models for GDM (setting 1, conventional risk factors; setting 2, addition of new risk factors in recent guidelines; setting 3, addition of routine clinical variables; setting 4, addition of NALFD-associated variables, including the presence of NAFLD and laboratory results; and setting 5, top 11 variables identified from a stepwise variable selection method). The predictive models were constructed using machine learning methods, including logistic regression, random forest, support vector machine, and deep neural networks.
Results
Among 1,443 women, 86 (6.0%) were diagnosed with GDM. The highest performing prediction model among settings 1–4 was setting 4, which included both clinical and NAFLD-associated variables (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] 0.563–0.697 in settings 1–3 vs. 0.740–0.781 in setting 4). Setting 5, with top 11 variables (which included NAFLD and hepatic steatosis index), showed similar predictive power to setting 4 (AUC 0.719–0.819 in setting 5, P=not significant between settings 4 and 5).
Conclusions
We developed an early prediction model for GDM using machine learning. The inclusion of NAFLDassociated variables significantly improved the performance of GDM prediction. (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02276144)

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Artificial intelligence methods in gestational diabetes mellitus prediction: A systematic literature review
Valentina Ivanovic, Md Abu Jafar Sujan, Ole Jakob Mengshoel, Trine Moholdt
International Journal of Medical Informatics.2026; 206: 106158. CrossRef
What role does metabolic disfunction-associated fatty liver disease play in the metabolic landscape of pregnancy?
Annunziata Lapolla, Maria Grazia Dalfrà
Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism.2026; 21(1): 1. CrossRef
Predictive Performance of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnant Women: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Yingni Liang, Anran Dai, Meiyan Luo, Zhuolian Zheng, Jiayu Shen, Yinhua Su, Zhongyu Li
Journal of Medical Internet Research.2026; 28: e79729. CrossRef
Metabolic factor-based machine learning model for mortality prediction in acute hepatitis E: Development and validation from a dual-center cohort
Haoshuang Fu, Shuying Song, Yuelin Xiao, Bingying Du, Gangde Zhao, Tianhui Zhou, Yanan Du
Digestive and Liver Disease.2026; 58(5): 660. CrossRef
Sucralose Exposure During Pregnancy Elevates Gestational Diabetes Risk via Gut Microbiota‐Metabolic Axis in Mice
Jiajia Song, Juhui He, Zhaoxia Liang, Hannah Wesley
Journal of Diabetes Research.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Establishment of a predictive model for spontaneous preterm birth in primiparas with grade A1 gestational diabetes mellitus
Ting Sun, Yangyang Zhang, Chunzhi Xie, Anyi Teng, Shi Lin, Hui Zhang, Yan Li
Frontiers in Global Women's Health.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Machine learning based model for the early detection of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Hesham Zaky, Eleni Fthenou, Luma Srour, Thomas Farrell, Mohammed Bashir, Nady El Hajj, Tanvir Alam
BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Metabolomic profiling reveals early biomarkers of gestational diabetes mellitus and associated hepatic steatosis
Youngae Jung, Seung Mi Lee, Jinhaeng Lee, Yeonjin Kim, Woojoo Lee, Ja Nam Koo, Ig Hwan Oh, Kue Hyun Kang, Byoung Jae Kim, Sun Min Kim, Jeesun Lee, Ji Hoi Kim, Yejin Bae, Sang Youn Kim, Gyoung Min Kim, Sae Kyung Joo, Dong Hyeon Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Bo Kyung
Cardiovascular Diabetology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
GDM-BC: Non-invasive body composition dataset for intelligent prediction of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Chen Zheng, Tong Qing, Mao Li, Shujuan Liao, Biru Luo, Chenwei Tang, Jiancheng Lv
Computers in Biology and Medicine.2025; 192: 110176. CrossRef
Metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease and pregnancy
Monika Sarkar, Tatyana Kushner
Journal of Clinical Investigation.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Maternal liver fibrosis indices as predictors of adverse perinatal outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus
Murad Gezer, Ümit Taşdemir, Ömer Gökhan Eyisoy, Sevdenur Yiğit, Mucize Eriç Özdemir, Oya Demirci
Acta Diabetologica.2025; 62(12): 2055. CrossRef
Associations of hepatic steatosis index in early pregnancy with perinatal outcomes: A prospective birth cohort study
Shaofei Su, Enjie Zhang, Shen Gao, Yue Zhang, Jianhui Liu, Shuanghua Xie, Jinghan Yu, Qiutong Zhao, Wentao Yue, Ruixia Liu, Chenghong Yin
Clinical Medicine.2025; 25(4): 100343. CrossRef
Artificial Intelligence in Gestational Diabetes Care: A Systematic Review
Rawan AlSaad, Ali Elhenidy, Aliya Tabassum, Nour Odeh, Eman AboArqoub, Aya Odeh, Maya AlTamimi, Alaa Abd-alrazaq, Rajat Thomas, Mohammed Bashir, Javaid Sheikh
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Sex and gender differences in MASLD: pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical implications, and future directions
Mohamad Jamalinia, Samira Saeian, Nima Nikkhoo, Amirhossein Nazerian, Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
Metabolism and Target Organ Damage.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluating the performance of maternal risk factors in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Alemu Degu Ayele, Getnet Gedefaw Azeze, Beklau Kassie Alemu, Yao Wang, Chi Chiu Wang
BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine.2025; : bmjebm-2025-114065. CrossRef
Adverse pregnancy outcomes as a risk factor for new-onset metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in postpartum women: A nationwide study
Young Mi Jung, Seung Mi Lee, Wonyoung Wi, Min-Jeong Oh, Joong Shin Park, Geum Joon Cho, Won Kim
JHEP Reports.2024; 6(4): 101033. CrossRef
The early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus by machine learning models
Yeliz Kaya, Zafer Bütün, Özer Çelik, Ece Akça Salik, Tuğba Tahta, Arzu Altun Yavuz
BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Could Machine Learning-Based Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prediction Models Replace Traditional Screening Test?
Jong Yun Hwang
Journal of Korean Maternal and Child Health.2024; 28(4): 153. CrossRef
The Role of Adiponectin during Pregnancy and Gestational Diabetes
Brittany L. Moyce Gruber, Vernon W. Dolinsky
Life.2023; 13(2): 301. CrossRef
Liver biomarkers, lipid metabolites, and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in a prospective study among Chinese pregnant women
Ping Wu, Yi Wang, Yi Ye, Xue Yang, Yichao Huang, Yixiang Ye, Yuwei Lai, Jing Ouyang, Linjing Wu, Jianguo Xu, Jiaying Yuan, Yayi Hu, Yi-Xin Wang, Gang Liu, Da Chen, An Pan, Xiong-Fei Pan
BMC Medicine.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Performance Analysis and Assessment of Type 2 Diabetes Screening Scores in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Norma Latif Fitriyani, Muhammad Syafrudin, Siti Maghfirotul Ulyah, Ganjar Alfian, Syifa Latif Qolbiyani, Chuan-Kai Yang, Jongtae Rhee, Muhammad Anshari
Mathematics.2023; 11(10): 2266. CrossRef
Synergistic effect of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and history of gestational diabetes to increase risk of type 2 diabetes
Yoosun Cho, Yoosoo Chang, Seungho Ryu, Sarah H. Wild, Christopher D. Byrne
European Journal of Epidemiology.2023; 38(8): 901. CrossRef
Identification of influence factors in overweight population through an interpretable risk model based on machine learning: a large retrospective cohort
Wei Lin, Songchang Shi, Huiyu Lan, Nengying Wang, Huibin Huang, Junping Wen, Gang Chen
Endocrine.2023; 83(3): 604. CrossRef
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-based risk prediction of adverse pregnancy outcomes: Ready for prime time?
Seung Mi Lee, Won Kim
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2022; 28(1): 47. CrossRef

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25 Web of Science
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Steatotic liver disease

Systematic review with meta-analysis: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the association with pregnancy outcomes: Hydar El Jamaly, Guy D Eslick, Martin Weltman; Clin Mol Hepatol 2022;28(1):52-66.
Published online September 17, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2021.0205

Background/Aims
Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant patients with Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have been largely unexplored. To determine the level of evidence associated with maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with NAFLD.
Methods
We conducted a comprehensive literature search. The studies included pregnant patients with a previous, current or subsequent diagnosis of NAFLD. We used a random-effects model using odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Results
Twenty-two studies, with 13,641 female NAFLD patients were reviewed. The results highlight that NAFLD patients had a statistically significant increased likelihood of baseline diabetes mellitus (OR, 6.00; 95% CI, 2.21–16.31; P<0.001; n=7), baseline Hypertension (OR, 3.75; 95% CI, 2.13–6.59; P<0.001; n=4), gestational hypertension (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.03–3.26; P=0.041; n=2), and pre-eclampsia (OR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.46–4.04; P=0.001; n=3). The odds for a past and current history of gestational diabetes mellitus were OR, 3.78; 95% CI, 2.21–6.44; P<0.001; n=5 and OR, 3.23; 95% CI, 1.97– 5.31; P<0.001; n=6, respectively. As for fetal outcomes, pregnant NAFLD patients were significantly more likely to have a premature birth (OR, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.44–2.85; P<0.001; n=4), large for gestational age birth (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.72–2.37; P<0.001; n=2) or a history of prior miscarriage or abortion (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.02–1.30; P=0.02; n=2). Egger’s regression revealed no evidence of publication bias (P>0.05).
Conclusions
This meta-analysis provides pooled evidence that NAFLD is associated with a substantial increase in maternal diabetic and hypertensive complications and multiple adverse fetal outcomes. This data is important for clinicians managing these patients before, during and after pregnancy.

Citations

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Experimental model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in pregnant rats to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy
Elena V. Mozgovaia, Marina A. Kryshnia, Alexandra А. Blazhenko, Alina А. Nuzhnova, Gulrukhsor Tolibova, Tatyana G. Tral, Janna N. Toumasova, Andrey V. Korenevsky, Irina V. Zalozniaia, Victoria S. Ganzhina, Olesya N. Bespalova
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Gres Karim, Dewan Giri, Tatyana Kushner, Nancy Reau
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Seung Mi Lee, Geum Joon Cho, Won Young Wi, Errol R. Norwitz, Bo Kyung Koo, Jeesun Lee, Young Mi Jung, Soo Heon Kwak, Chan-Wook Park, Jong Kwan Jun, Sae Kyung Joo, Min-Jeong Oh, Won Kim, Joong Shin Park
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Thora Y Chai, Karen Byth, Jacob George, Dharmintra Pasupathy, N Wah Cheung
International Journal of Women's Health.2023; Volume 15: 589. CrossRef
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Lucas A. Chagas, Maria R. Torloni, Victor H.S. Sanchez, Bianca A. Pititto, Patrícia M. Dualib, Rosiane Mattar
Clinical Nutrition ESPEN.2023; 57: 630. CrossRef
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Mary B Holdsworth, Maya Djerboua, Jennifer A Flemming
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.2023; 77(12): 809. CrossRef
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Jonathan Cordivani, Lamy Clotilde, Boulvain Michel, Riera Catherine
Bulletin of the National Research Centre.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Seung Mi Lee, Won Kim
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Ja-Young Kwon
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2022; 28(1): 50. CrossRef

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Crossref

Viral hepatitis

Effect of antiviral therapy in reducing perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus and maternal outcomes after discontinuing them: Kwang Il Seo, Si Hyun Bae, Pil Soo Sung, Chung-Hwa Park, Hae Lim Lee, Hee Yeon Kim, Hye Ji Kim, Bo Hyun Jang, Jeong Won Jang, Seung Kew Yoon, Jong Young Choi, In-Yang Park, Juyoung Lee, Hyun Seung Lee, Sa-Jin Kim, Jung Hyun Kwon, U Im Chang, Chang Wook Kim, Se Hyun Jo, Young Lee, Fisseha Tekle, Jong-Hyun Kim; Clin Mol Hepatol 2018;24(4):374-383.
Published online June 26, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2017.0082

Abstract
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Background/Aims
There have been numerous efforts to reduce mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with antiviral agents during pregnancy. However, there are limited data regarding the outcomes of pregnant women after delivery. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of antiviral agents in preventing MTCT of HBV and maternal long-term outcomes.
Methods
The HBV-infected pregnant women treated with antiviral agents to prevent MTCT were retrospectively reviewed. Forty-one pregnant women who received telbivudine or tenofovir during late pregnancy (28-34 week) were analyzed. Hepatitis B virus surface antibody (HBsAb) positivity was tested in 43 infants after 7 months of birth. Eleven mothers were followed >1 year after delivery.
Results
The mean HBV DNA titer before antiviral therapy was 8.67 (6.60–9.49) log copies/mL, and the median age at delivery was 32 years (range, 22–40). Eleven patients were treated with tenofovir and 30 with telbivudine. The median duration was 57 days (range, 23–100), and the median HBV DNA titer at birth was 5.06 log copies/mL (range, 2.06–6.50). Antiviral treatments were associated with significant HBV DNA reduction (P<0.001). Among 43 infants (two cases of twins), HBsAb was not detected in two, subsequently confirmed to have HBV infection. Biochemical flare was observed in two of 11 mothers followed >12 months, and an antiviral agent was administered.
Conclusions
Antiviral treatment during late pregnancy effectively reduced MTCT. Long-term follow-up should be required in such cases. In addition, given that maternal biochemical flare occurred in 18% of mothers, re-administration of antiviral agents might be required.

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1 Web of Science

Case Report

Benign liver tumors and cystic disease of liver

A case of focal nodular hyperplasia with growth progression during pregnancy: Min Ji Kim, Sang Young Han, Yang Hyun Baek, Sung Wook Lee, Hee Jin Kwon; Clin Mol Hepatol 2014;20(4):392-397.
Published online December 24, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/cmh.2014.20.4.392

Abstract
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Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is the second most common benign solid tumor of the liver and is usually found in young females. In FNH, spontaneous bleeding or rupture rarely occurs and malignant transformation is unlikely. The etiology of FNH is unclear, but because of female predominance and young age at onset, it seems that female hormone has an important role for the development of FNH. Although the development and the complications of hepatocellular adenomas have been related to the use of oral contraceptives and pregnancy, the influence of oral contraceptives and pregnancy on the growth and complications of FNH is controversial. Most FNH are stable in size and rarely complicated during pregnancy. We describe here a case of FNH with growth progression during pregnancy in a 27-year-old female. Her course of pregnancy and delivery was uneventful. Two months after delivery, the size of FNH was decreased.

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Hiroki Sato, Kazuteru Monden, Toshimitsu Iwasaki, Masayoshi Hioki, Hiroshi Sadamori, Norihisa Takakura
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Christos Tsalikidis, Athanasia Mitsala, George Pappas-Gogos, Konstantinos Romanidis, Alexandra K. Tsaroucha, Michail Pitiakoudis
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2023; 12(18): 6034. CrossRef
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Ashraf A. Ashhab, Ahmad Abu-Sulb, Ju Dong Yang, Mazen Noureddin, Vinay Sundaram, Alexander Kuo, Walid S. Ayoub
ACG Case Reports Journal.2021; 8(1): e00531. CrossRef
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Angelo Zarfati, Greg Chambers, Luca Pio, Florent Guerin, Virginie Fouquet, Stéphanie Franchi-Abella, Sophie Branchereau
Journal of Pediatric Surgery.2020; 55(9): 1885. CrossRef
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Federica Vernuccio, Maxime Ronot, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Jérôme Lebigot, Wassim Allaham, Christophe Aubé, Giuseppe Brancatelli, Valérie Vilgrain
Abdominal Radiology.2018; 43(8): 2075. CrossRef

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9 Web of Science
Crossref

Review

Chronic hepatitis B in pregnancy: unique challenges and opportunities: Kumaresan Yogeswaran, Scott K. Fung; Korean J Hepatol 2011;17(1):1-8.
Published online March 21, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3350/kjhep.2011.17.1.1

Abstract
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Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) affects 350 million individuals worldwide. Perinatal transmission leads to high rates of chronic infection and complications, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is important to recognize and appropriately treat CHB in pregnancy, thereby reducing the risk of neonatal transmission and HBV-associated morbidity and mortality. Screening for CHB is recommended in all pregnant mothers as is universal vaccination of infants with hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine with or without hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG). This has resulted in a lower incidence of HBsAg seropositivity and HCC in regions where universal infant vaccination has been endorsed. Mode of delivery and breastfeeding do not appear to affect HBV transmission rates based on available data. Overall, CHB does not increase perinatal maternal-fetal mortality. Administration of oral antiviral therapy during the third trimester to HBsAg-positive mothers with HBV DNA≥7 log IU/mL may be useful in preventing breakthrough infection. Treatment may be considered earlier in pregnancy for persistently active liver disease shown by high ALT, HBV DNA levels and/or significant hepatic fibrosis. Lamivudine, tenofovir and telbivudine are safe and effective and are the agents of choice in pregnancy. However, further clinical studies are necessary to elucidate the role of antiviral therapy in the pregnant HBV carrier.

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Ali Zabihi, Seyedeh Roghayeh Jafarian Amiri, Mojtaba Qanbari Qalehsari
Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
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Kwang Il Seo, Si Hyun Bae, Pil Soo Sung, Chung-Hwa Park, Hae Lim Lee, Hee Yeon Kim, Hye Ji Kim, Bo Hyun Jang, Jeong Won Jang, Seung Kew Yoon, Jong Young Choi, In-Yang Park, Juyoung Lee, Hyun Seung Lee, Sa-Jin Kim, Jung Hyun Kwon, U Im Chang, Chang Wook Ki
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Anteneh Amsalu, Getachew Ferede, Setegn Eshetie, Agete Tadewos, Demissie Assegu
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Hua Xu, Teng Zeng, Jun-Ying Liu, Yu Lei, Shan Zhong, Yun-Jian Sheng, Zhi Zhou, Hong Ren
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Original Article

Serologic Markers of Hepatitis B Virus in Pregnant Women in Jeju Island: Hyun Sung Kang, M.D. , Byung-Cheol Song, M.D., Cui Xiu Ji, M.D., Sung-Yob Kim, M.D.* and Suk Kyun Kim, M.D.; Korean J Hepatol 2004;10(3):191-196.

Abstract
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Background/Aims: Most cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) are transmitted vertically in endemic areas of HBV. The positivity of serum HBeAg/HBV DNA in pregnant women is associated with vaccine failure. Recently, a national program for HBV vaccines free of charge in neonates born to HBsAg-positive pregnant women is being performed. The aim of this study was to investigate the positivity of serological markers of HBV in pregnant women in Jeju, which is an island separated from the Korean peninsula and a promising cohort to evaluate the effect of a prevention program of HBV infection. In addition, we investigated the geographic differences in the prevalence of HBV infection because it has been reported that the prevalence of HBV has been high in this area previously. Methods: Between January 2001 and December 2002, all women who gave delivery were studied retrospectively. Women between the ages of thirty and forty, who received health screening at the Asan Medical C enter health promotion center in Seoul, were analyzed as controls.
Results
During the study period, 1,030 pregnant women (30.8 4.3 years) and 7,270 controls (33.1 5.0 years) were enrolled. The positivity of H BsAg was high in Jeju compared with that of Seoul (6.4% vs. 4.9%) (P =0.036). The positivity of HBeAg/HBV DNA was 31.8% (21/66) in HBsAg-positive pregnant women. The positivity of anti-HBs was low in Jeju compared with that of Seoul (54.5% vs.68.8% ) (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The positivity of HBsAg was found to be high in pregnant women in Jeju. Intensive supervision for HBV infection in pregnant women should be given in this area. (Korean J Hepatol 2004;10:191-196)